• [What is science?: Grades 9-12] Because it has been tested, scientific knowledge is reliable. (NOS3)
• [How science works: Grades 9-12] The process of science involves observation, exploration, testing, communication, and application.
• [How science works: Grades 9-12] Scientists can test ideas about events and processes long past, very distant, and not directly observable.
• [How science works: Grades 9-12] Scientists use multiple research methods (experiments, observational research, comparative research, and modeling) to collect data. (P2, P3, P4, NOS1)
• [How science works: Grades 9-12] Scientists look for patterns in their observations and data. (P4, P5, NOS2)
• [What has science done for you lately: Grades 9-12] Scientific knowledge informs public policies and regulations that promote our health, safety, and environmental stewardship.
• [A scientific approach to life: Grades 9-12] Problem-solving and decision-making benefit from a scientific approach.

• NOS Matrix understanding category 1. Scientific investigations use a variety of methods.
• NOS Matrix understanding category 2. Scientific knowledge is based on empirical evidence.
• NOS Matrix understanding category 3. Scientific knowledge is open to revision in light of new evidence.
• Science and Engineering Practice 2. Developing and using models
• Science and Engineering Practice 3. Planning and carrying out investigations
• Science and Engineering Practice 4. Analyzing and interpreting data
• Science and Engineering Practice 5. Using mathematics and computational thinking

The podcast portion can be assigned as outside-of-class listening for flipped classrooms.

• Critical thinking about scientific messages
• Relevance/applications of science
• Scientific arguments/evidence/testing ideas